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sacred rites

  • 1 sacer

    săcer, sā̆cra, sā̆crum (ante-class. collat. form sacer, sacris, sacre; plur.:

    sacres porci,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 16; id. Rud. 4, 6, 4; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 20; 4, 16; sing. acc.: sacrem porcum, Fest. s. h. v. p. 318 Müll.), adj. [root sa-; Gr. saos, sôos, safe; whence Lat. sānus], dedicated or consecrated to a divinity, holy, sacred, = hieros (cf.: sanctus, augustus): Gallus Aelius ait, sacrum esse quocumque modo atque instituto civitatis consecratum sit, sive aedis, sive ara, sive signum, sive locus, sive pecunia, sive quid aliud quod dis dedicatum atque consecratum sit, Fest. s. v. sacer mons, p. 318 Müll.; cf.:

    quicquid destinatum est diis, sacrum vocatur,

    Macr. S. 3, 7:

    sacrae (res) sunt quae diis superis consecratae sunt: religiosae quae diis manibus relictae sunt,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 3.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    quicquam (opp. profanum),

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27; id. Trin. 2, 2, 8; cf.:

    aedificiis omnibus, publicis privatis sacris profanis, sic pepercit, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54, § 129; so,

    locus sacer et profanus,

    id. Inv. 1, 26, 38; Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7; Quint. 5, 10, 38:

    miscebis sacra profanis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 54; id. A. P. 397; Nep. Them. 6, 5; Sall. C. 11, 6:

    villae signis et tabulis refertae partim publicis partim etiam sacris et religiosis,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31; so (with religiosus) id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; Suet. Tib. 61:

    mores autem rapere properant quā sacrum quā puplicum,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 37:

    (legum) genera sunt tria, sacri, publici, privati juris,

    Quint. 2, 4, 33; cf. in the sup.:

    deprecor hoc unum per jura sacerrima lecti,

    Ov. H. 9, 159:

    aedes,

    Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Fam. 13, 11, 1; Quint. 4, 2, 8; Ov. M. 14, 315:

    lucus late sacer,

    Verg. A. 5, 761:

    arvum Martis,

    Ov. M. 7, 101:

    ara,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 20:

    aurum,

    Liv. 5, 50; cf.

    pecunia (opp. privata),

    Quint. 4, 2, 8:

    arma,

    Liv. 24, 21:

    tus,

    Ov. M. 14, 130:

    sanguis (of the sacrificial victim),

    Cat. 68, 75:

    ales (so called from its use in augury),

    Verg. A. 11, 721:

    luces (with profestae),

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 25; cf.

    dies (with religiosus),

    Suet. Tib. 61:

    tempus,

    Hor. C. S. 4:

    commissum,

    a crime against religion, Cic. Leg. 2, 9 et saep.— Poet.: vitis (as sacred to Bacchus), Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 149 Vahl.); Hor. C. 1, 18, 1; so,

    laurus,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 18; Verg. A. 7, 60:

    robur,

    Ov. M. 8, 752:

    aqua,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 22:

    fontes,

    Ov. M. 2, 464; Verg. E. 1, 53:

    focus,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 43:

    Tarentum,

    id. C. 1, 28, 29:

    fines,

    Sil. 3, 501; cf.

    montes (the Alps, because not to be ascended by men),

    id. 4, 70;

    vates (because dedicated to Apollo),

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 28; Tib. 2, 5, 113; cf.:

    sacer interpresque deorum Orpheus,

    Hor. A. P. 391;

    and (for sanctus) of the divinity itself: Vesta,

    Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 11; so,

    Cybebe,

    id. 3 (4), 22, 3 (but in Liv. 3, 19: ut sacrosancti habeantur, quibus ipsi dii neque sacri neque sancti sunt, so used only on account of the lusus verbb. with sacrosancti;

    v. the context).—Sacer Mons,

    a hill about three miles from Rome, beyond the Anio, and on the right of the Via Nomentana, to which the Roman people retired during their controversy with the Senate, Liv. 2, 32; 3, 52; Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 63; id. Brut. 14, 54:

    os sacrum, quod imum ventrem sustinet,

    Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4: Sacra Via, or ( poet.) Sacer Clivus, a street in Rome leading from the Forum to the Capitol, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; id. Att. 4, 3, 3; Hor. S. 1, 9, 1; id. C. 4, 2, 35; Mart. 1, 70, 5;

    v. also via, I. A. 2.: sacer morbus,

    the epilepsy, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4:

    sacer lapis,

    a stone landmark, a mere-stone, Liv. 41, 13: os sacrum, anatom. t. t., = Gr. hieron osteon, the lowest bone of the spine, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 24:

    litterae sacrae (eccl. Lat.),

    the Scriptures, Vulg. 2 Tim. 3, 15.—For its combinations with ignis, via, etc., v. those words.—
    (β).
    With gen. (class.):

    ego te sacram coronam surripuisse scio Jovis,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 38; so,

    urna Veneris,

    id. Rud. 2, 5, 16 (for which:

    urna Veneria,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 18):

    Dianae celebris dies,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 20:

    sepulcrum Batti veteris,

    Cat. 7, 6; cf. Plin. 8, 21, 31, § 76.—As a predicate: terra, ut focus domiciliorum, sacra deorum omnium est (a transl. of the Platon. Gê hiera pantôn theôn), Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45:

    illa insula (sc. Delos) eorum deorum sacra putatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 48.—
    (γ).
    With dat. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.

    infra, II. A.): sacra Jovi quercus,

    Ov. M. 7, 623:

    esculus Jovi sacra,

    Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 11:

    Nymphis cervus,

    Ov. M. 10, 109:

    Cereri Polyphoetes (as a priest),

    Verg. A. 6, 484:

    pugionem templo Salutis detraxerat gestabatque velut magno operi sacrum,

    Tac. A. 15, 53:

    cupressus Diti sacra,

    Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139:

    aesculus Jovi,

    id. 16, 4, 5, § 11.—As a predicate:

    Jani mensis, Qui sacer est imis Manibus,

    Ov. F. 2, 52, quercus antiqua, quae erat Marti sacra, Suet. Vesp. 5 (al. sacrata).—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., holy, sacred, awful, venerable (not till after the Aug. per., and very rare):

    silentium,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 29:

    laedere amantes,

    Prop. 3, 16 (4, 15), 11:

    lingua (Ciceronis),

    Mart. 5, 69, 7:

    Maro,

    id. 8. 56, 3:

    quaedam patris memoria,

    Quint. 11, 1, 59:

    O sacer et magnus vatum labor,

    Luc. 9, 983:

    heu sacri vatum errores,

    Sil. 8, 100.—So used of the emperors;

    disapproved of by Tiberius: (Tiberius) alium dicentem sacras ejus occupationes verba mutare et pro sacris laboriosas dicere coëgit,

    Suet. Tib. 27.—But soon after Tiberius in general use:

    auris Caesaris,

    Mart. 7, 99, 4:

    sacri lateris custos,

    id. 6, 76, 1:

    apud aures sacras mentitus est,

    Amm. 28, 6, 26 (cf.:

    se Imperatori mentitum,

    id. 28, 6, 26, § 21); and hence, for ecclesiastical: domus, comitatus, scrinia, largitiones, etc., in the law books et saep.
    II.
    In partic., with a bad accessory signif., devoted to a divinity for destruction, forfeited; and absol., accursed, criminal, impious, wicked.
    (α).
    With dat.: si quisquam aliuta faxit, ipsos Jovi sacer esto, Lex Numae ap. Fest. p. 6 Müll.; cf.: ut caput ejus Jovi sacrum esset, an ancient plebiscitum ap. Liv. 3, 55, 7:

    non alienum videtur, de condicione eorum hominum referre, quos leges sacros esse certis diis jubent, quod, cum cetera sacra violari nefas sit, hominem sacrum jus fuerit occidi, etc.,

    Macr. S. 3, 7.—
    (β).
    Absol.: homo sacer is est, quem populus judicavit ob maleficium; neque fas est eum immolari; sed qui occidit, parricidii non damnatur. Nam lege tribuniciā primā cavetur: si quis eum, qui eo plebei scito sacer sit, occiderit, parricida ne sit. Ex quo quivis homo malus atque improbus sacer appellari solet, Fest. s. v. sacer mons, p. 318 Müll.: PATRONVS SI CLIENTI FRAVDEM FECERIT SACER ESTO, LEX XII. Tab. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 609;

    in imitation: uter aedilis fuerit, etc.... is intestabilis et sacer esto,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 181:

    eum, qui cuiquam nocuerit, sacrum sanciri,

    Liv. 3, 55.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., accursed, execrable, detestable, horrible, infamous, etc. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    a.
    Of persons:

    ego sum malus, Ego sum sacer, scelestus,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 14; Afran. ap. Non. 397, 22 (with malus); Lucil. ib. 397, 27.— Sup., Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 67:

    homo sacerrimus,

    id. Poen. prol. 90; id. Rud. 1, 2, 69; Turp. ap. Non. 397, 29 (with pessimus). —
    b.
    Of things: sacerrimum domicilium, Turp. ap. Non. 397, 30:

    di magni, horribilem et sacrum libellum,

    Cat. 14, 12:

    hircus alarum,

    id. 71, 1:

    auri fames,

    Verg. A. 3, 57 (for which:

    aurum fame,

    Plin. 33, 1, 3, § 6:

    venenum (Medeae),

    Val. Fl. 7, 165:

    nox,

    id. 8, 25:

    arma metu,

    id. 4, 185; cf.

    pavor,

    id. 1, 798:

    insania,

    Stat. Th. 10, 804:

    morbus,

    i. e. epilepsy, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4.—With dat.:

    ut immerentis fluxit in terram Remi Sacer nepotibus cruor,

    Hor. Epod. 7, 20.— Comp. and adv. do not appear (as for the comp. v. Varr. L. L. 8, § 77 Müll.).—Hence, subst.: sā̆crum, i, n., something consecrated; a holy or sacred thing, a sacred vessel or utensil; a sanctuary, a temple; a religious act, a sacrifice, etc.; in plur. in gen., sacred rites, religious worship, religion (both of the State and of single races and families; and even of individuals; v. infra, b; class.; most freq. in plur.).
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    Sing.:

    sacrum sacrove commendatum qui cleperit rapsitque parricida esto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    ubi sacro manus sis admolitus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 24:

    omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 52:

    metuens velut contingere sacrum,

    id. S. 2, 3, 110:

    apud Cluacinae sacrum,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 10; Quint. 1, 4, 6:

    Minervae,

    Dict. Cret. 5, 12 fin.:

    theatrum veluti quoddam illius sacri templum vocabimus,

    Quint. 3, 8, 29: [p. 1611] quae (sacerdos Cereris) Graecum illud sacrum monstraret et faceret, Cic. Balb. 24, 55:

    sacrum Herculi facere,

    Liv. 1, 7:

    facere Junoni,

    Prop. 4 (5), 9, 43:

    facto per Magos sacro,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    sollemne sacrum conficere,

    Flor. 1, 13, 16:

    ita se habet sacrum (Suovetaurilia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 67:

    arma lecta conici in acervum jussit consul sacrumque id Vulcano cremavit,

    Liv. 41, 12:

    sacrum piaculare fieri,

    id. 29, 19:

    sollemne Apollinis sacrum,

    Suet. Aug. 94; Ov. M. 12, 33:

    pyrā sacri sub imagine factā,

    id. ib. 14, 80:

    nec de lucernā fas est accendi sacrum,

    Phaedr. 4, 11, 13:

    neve initianto, nisi ut assolet, Cereri, Graeco sacro,

    according to the Grecian rites, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21; cf.:

    vetabo, qui Cereris sacrum Vulgarit arcanae,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 26:

    morientibus operire (oculos) rursusque in rogo patefacere, Quiritium ritu sacrum est,

    Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150:

    in sacro est,

    id. 18, 12, 30, § 118.—
    (β).
    Plur.: sacra deosque penates.. ex aedibus suis eripuisse dixit, sacred vessels or utensils, holy things, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 13; cf. Liv. 5, 40:

    sacra omnia proferre, Auct. B. Alex. 32, 3: portabant canistris,

    Ov. M. 2, 713:

    Troïa,

    Tib. 2, 5, 40:

    velut qui Junonis sacra ferret,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 11; cf.

    of the same,

    Verg. A. 2, 293; 2, 717 Heyne; Ov. F. 1, 527; id. H. 7, 80; 7, 158:

    cumque suis penetralia sacris,

    i. e. the images of the gods, Penates, id. M. 1, 287:

    jactata aequoribus sacra,

    Hor. C.4,4,54:

    pueri Sacra canunt,

    sacred songs, Verg. A. 2, 239; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 19:

    sacra ordine in mensā Penatium deorum Ponuntur,

    sacred gifts, offerings, Naev. B. Pun. 1, 11:

    neve ulla vitiorum sacra sollemnia obeunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    sicut in sollemnibus sacris fieri consuevit,

    Sall. C. 22, 2:

    qui (Mercurius) sacris anniversariis coleretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 39, § 84 (for which:

    sacrificiis anniversariis colebatur,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 57, §

    128: sacris e principum numero pontifices quinque praefecit,

    id. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

    (Romulus) sacra diis aliis Albano ritu, Graeco Herculi facit,

    Liv. 1, 7; cf.:

    sacra Jovi facturus erat,

    Ov. M. 3, 26:

    sacra Jovi Stygio Perficere,

    Verg. A. 4, 638:

    ipse (Numa) plurima sacra obibat,

    Liv. 1, 20:

    densi circumstant sacra ministri,

    Ov. M. 2, 717:

    arcana sacra,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 52; Ov. M. 10, 436:

    fera,

    id. ib. 13, 454:

    nefanda,

    id. ib. 10, 228:

    mystica,

    id. H. 2, 42:

    horrida,

    Sil. 3, 140:

    veneranda,

    id. 7, 382:

    casta,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 370.
    a.
    Divine worship or religion in gen.: publica sacra, quae publico sumptu pro populo fiunt, quaeque pro montibus, pagis, curiis, sacellis: at privata, quae pro singulis hominibus, familiis, gentibus fiunt, Fest. pp. 244 and 245 Müll.; Liv. 5, 52:

    quo foedere (Romulus) et Sabinos in civitatem ascivit, sacris communicatis,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:

    quod per populum errari fas non erat propter religionem sacrorum,

    id. Agr. 2, 7, 18; so,

    religio sacrorum,

    id. Fl. 28, 69:

    sacra Cereris conficere,

    id. Balb. 24, 55; so,

    Cereris,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 14 (cf. supra, a fin.):

    Eleusina,

    Suet. Claud. 23:

    Junonis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 11:

    Orphica,

    rites, solemnity, festival, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 58:

    Bacchia,

    Ov. M. 3, 518:

    trieterica Bacchi,

    id. ib. 6, 587:

    Dianae,

    id. ib. 7, 94;

    15, 489: Isidis,

    Suet. Oth. 12 et saep.—
    b.
    The private religious rites of a gens, a family, etc. (observed by the Romans with the greatest care):

    sacra privata perpetua manento,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 47:

    an gentilicia sacra ne in bello quidem intermitti, publica sacra et Romanos deos etiam in pace deseri placet?

    Liv. 5, 52:

    ut ne morte patris familias sacrorum memoria occideret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48:

    docebant (antiqui) tribus modis sacris adstringi,

    id. ib. 2, 20, 49:

    magnum est eadem habere monumenta majorum, eisdem uti sacris, sepulcra habere communia,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 55; cf.:

    ut qui natus sit, ignoret, cujus sanguinis, quorum sacrorum sit,

    Liv. 4,2:

    sacra interire illi (majores) noluerunt,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 27:

    sacrorum alienatio,

    id. Or. 42, 144 (v. alienatio); cf. sing.:

    sacrum familiare,

    Macr. S. 1, 16:

    nuptialia,

    marriage solemnities, Quint. 1, 7, 28;

    called also jugalia,

    Ov. M. 7, 700; cf. respecting the sacra privata of the Romans, Savigny, in his Zeitschr. 2, p. 397 sq.—
    c.
    Poet., poems (as sacred to the Muses):

    mihi jam puero caelestia sacra placebant, Inque suum furtim Musa trahebat opus,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 19:

    vatum,

    Pers. prol. 7:

    Maronis,

    Mart. 7, 63, 5. —
    2.
    Prov.
    a.
    Inter sacrum saxumque stare, to stand between the victim and the knife, i. e. to be between the door and the wall, to be in great straits, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 84; cf.:

    inter sacrum et saxum positus,

    App. M. 11, p. 271 fin. —
    b.
    Hereditas sine sacris, i. e. a great profit without trouble, = a rose without thorns, meat without bone, etc. (because the keeping up of the sacra privata was attended with great expense), Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 8, and id. Trin. 2, 4, 83; cf. Fest. p. 290 Müll.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen. (the figure being borrowed from secret religious rites), in plur.: sacra, secrets, mysteries (not till after the Aug. period, and very rare):

    sacra tori coitusque novos referebam,

    Ov. M. 7, 709:

    peregisse mihi videor sacra tradentium artes,

    Quint. 5, 14, 27 (cf.:

    omnes fere, qui legem dicendi, quasi quaedam mysteria, tradiderunt,

    id. 5, 13, 60):

    litterarum colere,

    id. 10, 1, 92:

    studiorum profanare,

    Tac. Or. 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sacer

  • 2 pio

    pĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [pius].
    I.
    To seek to appease, to appease, propitiate by sacrifice (syn. place).—
    B.
    Lit.:

    Silvanum lacte piabant,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 143:

    ossa,

    Verg. A. 6, 379:

    busta (i.e. Manes),

    Ov. M. 13, 515:

    Janus Agonali luce piandus erit,

    id. F. 1, 318.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    To honor with religious rites, to celebrate:

    ubi piem Pietatem,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 3:

    aras ture,

    Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 19:

    in magicis astra piare focis,

    to perform sacred rites, id. 1, 1, 20.—
    B.
    To purify with sacred rites (syn.:

    procuro, lustro): si quid tibi piandum fuisset,

    Cic. Dom. 51.—
    C.
    To make or seek to make good, to atone for, expiate:

    damna,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 160:

    mors morte pianda est,

    id. M. 8, 483:

    fulmen,

    to avert by sacrifice the misfortune portended by lightning, id. F. 3, 291:

    nefas triste,

    to atone for, avert the penalty, Verg. A. 2, 184; Ov. H. 19, 194:

    cometes terrificum sidus, ac non leviter piatum,

    Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92.—
    D.
    To punish, avenge:

    culpam morte,

    Verg. A. 2, 140:

    grande nefas et morte piandum,

    Juv. 13, 54.—
    E.
    To free from madness, Fest. p. 213 Müll.:

    jube te piari de meā pecuniā: nam ego quidem insanum te esse certo scio,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 17; so id. ib. 3, 2, 51.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pio

  • 3 initium

        initium ī, n    [1 in + 1 I-], a going in, entrance: Remorum, i. e. of the country, Cs.—Fig., a beginning, commencement: Narrationis, T.: annorum, Cs.: bonis initiis orsus tribunatus, tristīs exitus habuit consulatus: belli, S.: dicendi initium sumere: initium fugae factum a Dumnorige, was the first to flee, Cs.: caedis initium facere a me: quod ab initio petivi: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, L.— Abl sing. abverb., in the beginning, at first: tametsi initio laetus, tamen postquam, etc., at first, S.: initio locum tenere, Cs.: dixi initio, iudices.— Plur, constituent parts, elements: initia, et tamquam semina, unde essent omnia orta.—First principles, elements: illa initia mathematicorum: operum initia tradere, Cs.— Auspices: novis initiis et ominibus opus est, i. e. a new reign, Cu.—Secret sacred rites, sacred mysteries: initia Cereris, L.: mysteria initiaque ut appellantur: tua, mater, initia, i. e. instruments used in celebrating the rites, Ct.
    * * *
    beginning, commencement; entrance

    Latin-English dictionary > initium

  • 4 piō

        piō āvī, ātus, āre    [pius], to approach with sacred rites, appease, propitiate: Silvanum lacte, H.: ossa, V.: Ianus piandus erit, O.— To purify with sacred rites: si quid tibi piandum fuisset.— To make good, atone for, expiate: mors morte pianda est, O.: fulmen, avert the omen of lightning, O.: prodigia, Ta.: culpam morte, atone for, V.: nefas morte piandum, i. e. to be punished, Iu.
    * * *
    piare, piavi, piatus V
    appease, propitiate; cleanse, expiate

    Latin-English dictionary > piō

  • 5 initium

    ĭnĭtĭum, ĭi, n. [ineo], a going in, en trance.
    I.
    A beginning, commencement (syn.: principium, exordium).
    A.
    Lit.:

    bonis initiis orsus tribunatus, tristes exitus habuit consulatus,

    id. Brut. 34, 128:

    initio accusationis,

    id. de Or. 1, 26, 121:

    initium capere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    dicendi initium sumere,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 1:

    facere initium confligendi,

    id. Phil. 14, 14, 36:

    caedis initium ab aliquo facere,

    id. ib. 5, 7, 20:

    male ponere initia,

    id. Att. 10, 18, 2:

    ducere ab aliqua re,

    id. ib. 9, 9, 2:

    ab initio res quem ad modum facta sint, exponemus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 14: ab ultimo initio [p. 956] repetere, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

    seditionem ab altiore initio repetam,

    Tac. H. 2, 27:

    quia initio caedis orto difficilis modus,

    id. ib. 1, 39.— Pleon.: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, Liv. praef. § 12; cf.:

    prima initia incohare,

    id. 3, 54, 9:

    primum initium certaminis,

    id. 6, 12, 10. — The abl. sing. is used adverbially, in the beginning, at first:

    quemadmodum senatus initio censuit,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4:

    redeo ad illud quod initio scripsi,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 5; Nep. Thras. 1, 5; id. Tim. 3, 1; id. Alc. 5, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 17 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 475. —
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Constituent parts, elements:

    inde est indagatio nata initiorum, et tamquam seminum, unde essent omnia orta, generata, concreta,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: illa initia, et, ut e Graeco vertam, elementa dicuntur ( = stoicheia), id. Ac. 1, 7, 26;

    so of death: Augustus in sua resolutus initia,

    Vell. 2, 123, 3. —
    2.
    First principles, elements cf a science:

    illa initia mathematicorum, quibus non concessis digitum progredi non possunt,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—
    3.
    Beginning, origin:

    quomodo initium nobis rerum omnium ortus noster adferat, sic exitum mors, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

    natus obscurissimis initiis,

    Vell. 2, 761; cf.: pauca ab initio causisque talium facinorum non absurda, which relate to the origin, etc., Tac. H. 4, 48.—
    4.
    Auspices, because with them everything was begun; hence, the beginning of a reign:

    novis initiis et ominibus opus est,

    i. e. of a new king, Curt. 5, 9, 4.—
    II.
    Secret sacred rites, sacred mysteries, to which only the initiated were admitted:

    initia vocantur potissimum ea, quae Cereri fiunt sacra,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 5:

    initia Cereris,

    Liv. 31, 47, 2; cf.

    39, 8, 5: nihil melius illis mysteriis, quibus ex agresti immanique vita exculti ad humanitatem et mitigati sumus, initiaque ut appellantur, ita re vera principia vitae cognovimus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; Just. 2, 6:

    initia Samothracum,

    Curt. 8, 1, 12:

    initiis pacis, foedus cum feritur,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 9.—
    B.
    Things ( musical instruments) used in celebrating these mysteries:

    Typanum, tubam, Cybele, tua, mater, initia,

    Cat. 63, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > initium

  • 6 aliēnātiō

        aliēnātiō ōnis, f    [alieno], of property, a transfer, surrender: sacrorum, i. e. a transfer of the sacred rites to another gens.—Fig., a separation, alienation, breach: consulum: patrui, Ta.: amicitiae: tua a me.— Desertion: exercitūs, Cs.
    * * *
    transference of ownership, the right to; aversion, dislike; numbness, stupor

    Latin-English dictionary > aliēnātiō

  • 7 consentium

    I
    council/body of Dei Consentes
    II
    (sacred) rites (pl.) established by common agreement (w/sacra)

    Latin-English dictionary > consentium

  • 8 alienatio

    ălĭēnātĭo, ōnis, f. [alieno].
    I.
    Act., the transferring of the possession of a thing to another, so as to make it his property:

    Alienatio tum fit, cum dominium ad alium transferimus,

    Dig. 18, 1, 67; Sen. Ben. 5, 10. So, alienatio sacrorum, a transfer of the sacred rites (sacra) of one family (gens) to another, Cic. Or. 42, 144; so id. Leg. 3, 20, 48.—
    II.
    Neutr., the transferring of one's self, i. e. the going over to another; hence,
    A.
    Trop., a separation, desertion, aversion, dislike, alienation (the internal separating or withdrawing of the feeling of good-will, friendship, and the like; while disjunctio designates merely an external separation):

    tuam a me alienationem commendationem tibi ad impios cives fore,

    Cic. Phil. 2. 1:

    alienatio consulum,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4:

    alienatio disjunctioque amicitiae,

    id. Lael. 21, 76:

    alienatio exercitūs (opp. benevolentia),

    Caes. B. C. 2, 31:

    in Vitellium alienatio,

    Tac. H. 2, 60:

    alienatio patrui,

    id. A. 2, 43:

    Numquid non perditio est iniquo, et alienatio operantibus injustitiam,

    Vulg. Job, 31, 3.—
    B.
    In medic. lang.:

    alienatio mentis,

    aberration of mind, loss of reason, delirium, Cels. 4, 2; so Plin. 21, 21, 89, § 155:

    continua,

    Dig. 1, 18, 14; also without mentis:

    alienatio saporque,

    Sen. Ep. 78: alienationis in commoda, Firm. 4, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alienatio

  • 9 Camillus

    1.
    cămillus (also casmilus; cf. Camena and Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll.), i, m. [with difficulty connected with the Samothracian Kabiren-Hermes, Kadmilos and Kadmos; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, 3, § 34 Müll., and Macr. S. 3, 8; perh. dim. from root of Camena; cf. carmen], a noble youth employed in the sacrifices of the Flamen Dialis, and then, gen., in religious offices, Paul. ex Fest. p. 43 Müll.: hiberno pulvere, verno luto, grandia farra Camille metes, Poët. ib. p. 93. —The same verse is given with the expl., Camillus adulescens est, by Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 101:

    Romani pueros et puellas nobiles et investes Camillos et Camillas appellant, flaminicarum et flaminum praeministros,

    Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; repeated by Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543; cf. also Paul. ex Fest. p. 63 Müll. s. v. cumeram.—
    B.
    = pusillus, small, Quint. 8, 3, 19.—
    II.
    camilla, ae, f., a maiden of unblemished birth and character: caelitum camilla, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 232 Rib.): = administra, since only such maidens were permitted to serve in the sacred rites, v. Varr. l. l.; Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543.
    2.
    Cămillus, i, m., a cognomen of several persons in the gens Furia;

    the most distinguished of whom was M. Furius Camillus,

    who conquered Veii, and freed Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19, 2 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Camillus

  • 10 camillus

    1.
    cămillus (also casmilus; cf. Camena and Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll.), i, m. [with difficulty connected with the Samothracian Kabiren-Hermes, Kadmilos and Kadmos; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, 3, § 34 Müll., and Macr. S. 3, 8; perh. dim. from root of Camena; cf. carmen], a noble youth employed in the sacrifices of the Flamen Dialis, and then, gen., in religious offices, Paul. ex Fest. p. 43 Müll.: hiberno pulvere, verno luto, grandia farra Camille metes, Poët. ib. p. 93. —The same verse is given with the expl., Camillus adulescens est, by Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 101:

    Romani pueros et puellas nobiles et investes Camillos et Camillas appellant, flaminicarum et flaminum praeministros,

    Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; repeated by Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543; cf. also Paul. ex Fest. p. 63 Müll. s. v. cumeram.—
    B.
    = pusillus, small, Quint. 8, 3, 19.—
    II.
    camilla, ae, f., a maiden of unblemished birth and character: caelitum camilla, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 232 Rib.): = administra, since only such maidens were permitted to serve in the sacred rites, v. Varr. l. l.; Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543.
    2.
    Cămillus, i, m., a cognomen of several persons in the gens Furia;

    the most distinguished of whom was M. Furius Camillus,

    who conquered Veii, and freed Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19, 2 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > camillus

  • 11 Consentia

    1.
    consentĭa sacra, sacred rites established by common agreement, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65, 11 Müll.
    2.
    Consentĭa, ae, f., = Kônsentia, the capital of the Bruttii, now Cōsenza, Mel. 2, 4, 8; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 72; Liv. 8, 24, 14 sq.; 23, 30, 5 al.—Hence, Consentīnus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Consentia:

    ager,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115.—And Consentini, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Consentia, Cic Fin. 1, 3, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Consentia

  • 12 consentia

    1.
    consentĭa sacra, sacred rites established by common agreement, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65, 11 Müll.
    2.
    Consentĭa, ae, f., = Kônsentia, the capital of the Bruttii, now Cōsenza, Mel. 2, 4, 8; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 72; Liv. 8, 24, 14 sq.; 23, 30, 5 al.—Hence, Consentīnus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Consentia:

    ager,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115.—And Consentini, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Consentia, Cic Fin. 1, 3, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consentia

  • 13 Consentini

    1.
    consentĭa sacra, sacred rites established by common agreement, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65, 11 Müll.
    2.
    Consentĭa, ae, f., = Kônsentia, the capital of the Bruttii, now Cōsenza, Mel. 2, 4, 8; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 72; Liv. 8, 24, 14 sq.; 23, 30, 5 al.—Hence, Consentīnus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Consentia:

    ager,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115.—And Consentini, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Consentia, Cic Fin. 1, 3, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Consentini

  • 14 Consentinus

    1.
    consentĭa sacra, sacred rites established by common agreement, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65, 11 Müll.
    2.
    Consentĭa, ae, f., = Kônsentia, the capital of the Bruttii, now Cōsenza, Mel. 2, 4, 8; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 72; Liv. 8, 24, 14 sq.; 23, 30, 5 al.—Hence, Consentīnus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Consentia:

    ager,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115.—And Consentini, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Consentia, Cic Fin. 1, 3, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Consentinus

  • 15 detestatio

    1.
    dētestātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.].
    I.
    In relig. lang.
    A.
    Execration, cursing, detestation, Liv. 10, 38; Hor. Epod. 5, 89; Sen. Ep. 117 med.; Gell. 2, 6, 3; Vulg. Dan. 9, 11. —
    B.
    A keeping off, averting, Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135:

    scelerum,

    Cic. Dom. 55, 140.—
    II.
    In judicial lang., a formal renunciation under oath:

    detestatio est denuntiatio facta cum testatione,

    Dig. 50, 16, 40; cf. detestor, no. II.—So detestatio sacrorum, the solemn renunciation of the family sacred rites, and thereby of the gens itself, which in arrogatio was made by the son, Gell. 15, 27, 3; cf.:

    Liber (Servii Sulpicii) de sacris detestandis,

    id. 6, 12, 1.
    2.
    dē-testātĭo, ōnis, f. [2. testis], the removal of the testes, castration, Ap. M. 7, p. 198, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > detestatio

  • 16 Marcus

    1.
    marcus, i, m. [cf. Sanscr. mar, mrid, to break, crush], a large hammer, Isid. Orig. 19, 7, 2, v. 1. marculus.
    2.
    Marcus, i, m., a Roman prænomen, in gen. represented by M. simply, e. g. M. Terentius Varro, M. Tullius Cicero;

    written in full, MAARCVS,

    Inscr. Rein. 1006;

    MARCVS,

    Inscr. Fabr. p. 324, 450; p. 342, 528 et saep. Afterwards also a surname, e. g. C. PONTIVS C. L. MARCVS, Inscr. Grut. 986, 5.—Hence, Marcĭānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Marcus, Marcian: sodales, the priests who performed the sacred rites instituted in honor of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, Capitol. Pertinax, 15; cf. Spart. Sever. 7; Inscr. Grut. 379.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Marcus

  • 17 marcus

    1.
    marcus, i, m. [cf. Sanscr. mar, mrid, to break, crush], a large hammer, Isid. Orig. 19, 7, 2, v. 1. marculus.
    2.
    Marcus, i, m., a Roman prænomen, in gen. represented by M. simply, e. g. M. Terentius Varro, M. Tullius Cicero;

    written in full, MAARCVS,

    Inscr. Rein. 1006;

    MARCVS,

    Inscr. Fabr. p. 324, 450; p. 342, 528 et saep. Afterwards also a surname, e. g. C. PONTIVS C. L. MARCVS, Inscr. Grut. 986, 5.—Hence, Marcĭānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Marcus, Marcian: sodales, the priests who performed the sacred rites instituted in honor of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, Capitol. Pertinax, 15; cf. Spart. Sever. 7; Inscr. Grut. 379.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > marcus

  • 18 mysteriarches

    mystērĭarches, ae, m., = mustêriarchês, the presider over secret sacred rites (eccl. Lat.), Prud. steph. 2, 349.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > mysteriarches

  • 19 nefastum

    nĕfastus, a, um, adj. [nefas].
    I.
    Lit. (opp. to fastus): dies nefasti, days on which judgment could not be pronounced or assemblies of the people be held: fastis diebus jura fari licebat, nefastis quaedam non licebat fari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93 Müll.: nefasti dies notantur N littera, quod iis nefas est praetori, apud quem lege agitur, fari tria verba: do, dico, addico, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.;

    v. 1. fastus: ille (Numa) nefastos dies fastosque fecit, quia aliquando nihil cum populo agi, utile futurum erat,

    Liv. 1, 19, 7; Varr. L. L. 6, 4, 30; Ov. F. 1, 47; Gai. Inst. 4, 29.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    For nefas, contrary to the sacred rites or to religion; irreligious, impious: QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA, DEFIXERIT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.:

    prolibare dis nefastum habetur, etc.,

    Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119.—
    2.
    In gen., wicked, profane, abandoned: homines ad hanc rem idonei;

    nam istorum nullus nefastust,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 7.—Esp., subst.: nĕfastum, i, n. (sc. crimen), a wicked deed, abomination, profanity ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):

    quid intactum nefasti Liquimus?

    profane, criminal, Hor. C. 1, 35, 35; Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 47.—
    B.
    Unlucky, inauspicious = funestus, ater (not anteAug.):

    ille et nefasto te posuit die, etc.,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 1:

    cum diem natalem ejus (Agrippinae) inter nefastos referendum suasisset,

    Suet. Tib. 53; Tac. A. 14, 12 init.:

    ne qua terra sit nefasta victoriae suae,

    Liv. 6, 28, 8:

    Acheron,

    Stat. Th. 4, 456:

    loca,

    id. ib. 1, 273:

    religiosi dies dicuntur tristi omine infames... quos multitudo imperitorum prave et perperam nefastos appellat,

    Gell. 4, 9, 5.—
    C.
    Hurtful, injurious: innocentiorem tamen esse marem (fruticem);

    eaque causa est ne inter nefastos frutex damnetur,

    Plin. 20, 11, 44, § 114.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > nefastum

  • 20 nefastus

    nĕfastus, a, um, adj. [nefas].
    I.
    Lit. (opp. to fastus): dies nefasti, days on which judgment could not be pronounced or assemblies of the people be held: fastis diebus jura fari licebat, nefastis quaedam non licebat fari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93 Müll.: nefasti dies notantur N littera, quod iis nefas est praetori, apud quem lege agitur, fari tria verba: do, dico, addico, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.;

    v. 1. fastus: ille (Numa) nefastos dies fastosque fecit, quia aliquando nihil cum populo agi, utile futurum erat,

    Liv. 1, 19, 7; Varr. L. L. 6, 4, 30; Ov. F. 1, 47; Gai. Inst. 4, 29.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    For nefas, contrary to the sacred rites or to religion; irreligious, impious: QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA, DEFIXERIT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.:

    prolibare dis nefastum habetur, etc.,

    Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119.—
    2.
    In gen., wicked, profane, abandoned: homines ad hanc rem idonei;

    nam istorum nullus nefastust,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 7.—Esp., subst.: nĕfastum, i, n. (sc. crimen), a wicked deed, abomination, profanity ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):

    quid intactum nefasti Liquimus?

    profane, criminal, Hor. C. 1, 35, 35; Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 47.—
    B.
    Unlucky, inauspicious = funestus, ater (not anteAug.):

    ille et nefasto te posuit die, etc.,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 1:

    cum diem natalem ejus (Agrippinae) inter nefastos referendum suasisset,

    Suet. Tib. 53; Tac. A. 14, 12 init.:

    ne qua terra sit nefasta victoriae suae,

    Liv. 6, 28, 8:

    Acheron,

    Stat. Th. 4, 456:

    loca,

    id. ib. 1, 273:

    religiosi dies dicuntur tristi omine infames... quos multitudo imperitorum prave et perperam nefastos appellat,

    Gell. 4, 9, 5.—
    C.
    Hurtful, injurious: innocentiorem tamen esse marem (fruticem);

    eaque causa est ne inter nefastos frutex damnetur,

    Plin. 20, 11, 44, § 114.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > nefastus

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